Daftar Isi
Tugas wartawan adalah mencari dan menyajikan berita. Namun sebenarnya tugas wartawan tidak sebatas itu saja, ada beberapa tugas lain. Dalam menjalankan tugasnya pun ada langkah-langkah yang harus ditempuh. Untuk mengetahuinya, simak pembahasan berikut ini.
Tugas-tugas Wartawan Saat Bekerja
Pertama, mengumpulkan informasi. Ketika seorang wartawan hendak mencari berita, ia harus mengumpulkan informasi dengan cara melakukan wawancara. Baik itu wawancara secara langsung atau melalui telepon/internet. Tugas kedua adalah mencatat. Saat melakukan wawancara seorang wartawan harus mencatat semua informasi yang ia peroleh.
Seorang wartawan tidak mungkin mengingat segala hal yang ia dengar. Agar tidak terjadi kesalahan saat membuat berita, maka seorang wartawan perlu mencatat. Namun di era digital ini, para wartawan lebih banyak memanfaatkan media rekam seperti handphone.
Ketiga memotret/mengambil foto. Sebenarnya, memotret bukan tugas utama seorang wartawan. Namun di era digital yang memiliki kecepatan pertukaran informasi ini, beberapa kantor berita mengharuskan wartawannya untuk tidak hanya mencari informasi tetapi juga mengabadikan bukti dari informasi tersebut.
Wartawan biasanya tidak bekerja sendirian, ada yang melakukan wawancara ada yang memotret.
Namun untuk beberapa kasus, para wartawan harus bekerja sendiri dan melakukan berbagai pekerjaan mulai dari mewawancarai hingga memotret. Kemampuan memotret yang dimiliki oleh wartawan tidak harus profesional seperti halnya para fotografer. Para wartawan bisa menggunakan kamera handphone untuk memotret. Hal paling penting saat memotret adalah objeknya terlihat jelas, tidak harus terlalu bagus.
Keempat, setelah mendapatkan informasi dan foto, seorang wartawan bertugas untuk menyusun berita dan menyajikannya.
Tugas Wartawan Menurut Buku How To Know What’s True in Age of Information
Selain memiliki tugas pokok seperti di atas, di dalam buku karya Bill Kovach wartawan memiliki tugas sebagai berikut:
- Authenticator. Maksud dari tugas ini adalah wartawan harus menyajikan suatu berita yang bersifat autentik atau sungguh-sungguh terjadi,bukan suatu berita hoax atau kabar burung.
- Sense maker. Wartawan harus dapat menerangkan suatu berita secara masuk akal
- Investigator. Wartawan bertugas untuk mengawasi kekuasaan dan membongkar kejahatan.
- Withness Bearer. Wartawan harus dapat memantau dan menganalisis kejadian-kejadian tertentu dan harus bisa bekerjasama dengan reporter.
- Empowerer. Wartawan harus bisa menjalin hubungan dan kerjasama dengan sesama wartawan dan warga demi terkumpulnya informasi.
- Smart agregator. Seorang wartawan harus bisa menemukan sumber berita yang valid dan dapat dikamulkan serta dapat memberikan laporan yang mencerahkan bukan sekadar opini pribadi apalagi yang bersifat penggiringan opini.
- Organizer. Seorang wartawan harus mampu melakukan pengorganisasian berita antara berita lama dengan berita baru.
- Role Model. Seorang wartawan tidak hanya harus mampu menulis berita tetapi segala tingkah lakunya harus menjadi contoh yang baik bagi masyarakat yang melihatnya.
Seorang wartawan yang dapat membongkar kasus kejahatan tentu saja akan menjadi inspirasi oleh para masyarakat yang membaca beritanya agar melakukan tindakan yang sama dengan dirinya.
Baca juga: Prospek Kerja Jurusan Komunikasi
Contoh lain dari role model adalah, ketika seorang wartawan memberitakan kasus ketidakadilan yang dilakukan oleh penguasa terhadap warga sipil yang tidak berdaya, akan banyak masyarakat yang tergerak untuk menolong warga yang tidak berdaya tersebut.
Tujuan Wartawan
Tujuan utama seorang wartawan adalah mencari dan menyajikan berita. Namun ada hal-hal yang harus diperhatikan yaitu:
Seorang wartawan tidak bisa hanya memiliki tujuan mencari berita. Wartawan harus memiliki tujuan mencari berita dan informasi yang sesuai fakta dan dengan bukti yang nyata.
Ketika mencari fakta dan bukti tersebut, wartawan harus mewawancarai orang-orang yang dapat dipercaya dan kredibel.
Baca juga: Kelebihan Jurusan Komunikasi
Seorang wartawan bisa mewawancarai orang di jalan selama orang tersebut dapat dipercaya dan dapat diajak bekerjasama dalam menjalankan tugas wartawan.
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